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Church of Antioch
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The Church of Antioch is one of the five Christian churches that composed the One Holy Catholic and Apostolic Church before the Great Schism.
The Church traces its origins to the Christian community founded in Antioch by the Apostles St. Peter and St. Paul. It later became one of the five major patriarchates of early Christianity.
In the Bible, Acts 11:19-26 states that the Christian community at Antioch began when Christians who were scattered from Judea because of persecution went to Antioch. They were joined by Christians from Cyprus and Cyrene who migrated to Antioch. It was in Antioch that the followers of Jesus were first referred to as Christians.
The seat of the patriarchate was formerly Antioch, in what is now Turkey. However, in the 15th century, it was moved to Syria in response to the Ottoman invasion.
The patriarchate of Antioch is claimed by at least five major Eastern Christian churches, three of which- the Melkite, Syriac, and Maronite Catholic churches- are in full communion with the Catholic Church (headquartered at the Vatican) and with each other and thus mutually recognize each other's claims. And the other two which belong to the Orthodox communion- Syriac and Antiochian Orthodox churches:
- the Antiochian Orthodox Church
- the Melkite Greek Catholic Church
- the Syriac Orthodox Church
- the Syriac Catholic Church
- the Maronite Catholic Church
The Roman Catholic Church also claimed the patriarchate and appointed titular Latin rite patriarchs for many centuries until it renounced those claims in 1964.