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Dakhla Oasis (Arabic الداخلة al-Dākhla; BGN: Al Wāḩāt ad Dākhilah), also called the "inner oasis", is one of the seven oases of the Western Desert of Egypt (part of the Libyan Desert). Dakhla Oasis is located at 350 km from the Nile Valley and is also situated between the oases of Farafra and Kharga. It measures some 80 km (50 miles) from east to west and about 25 km (16 mi) from north to south.

Thanks to the discoveries of Ahmed Fakhry and today to the work of the D.O.P (Dakhleh Oasis Project), more is known about the history of that oasis. ^[1]

Dakhla pertains to the Egyptian Wadi al-Jadid ("New Valley") governorate.

Contents 1 History 1.1 Prehistory 1.2 Pharaonic Period 1.3 After 1800 2 Notes 3 References 4 External links

The human history of this oasis started during the Pleistocene, when nomadic tribes settled sometimes there, in a time when the Sahara climate was wetter and where humans could have access to lakes and marshes. But about 60 000 years ago, the entire Sahara became drier, changing progressively into a hyper-arid desert (with less than 50 mm of rain per year). However, specialists think that nomadic hunter-gatherers began to settle almost permanently in the oasis of Dakhleh in the period of the Holocene (about 12 000 years ago), during new, but rare episodes of wetter times. In fact, the drier climate didn't mean that there was no more water in what is now known as the Western Desert. The south of the Libyan Desert has the most important supply of subterranean water in the world, and the first inhabitants of the Dakhla Oasis had access to surface water sources.

First contacts between the pharaonic power and the oases started around 2550 BCE.

The first European traveller to find the Dakhleh Oasis was Sir Archibald Edmonstone, in the year 1819.^[1] He was succeeded by several other early travellers, but it was not until 1908 when the first egyptologist, Herbert Winlock, visited Dakhla oasis and noted its monuments in some systematic manner.^[1] In the 1950s, detailed studies began, first by Dr. Ahmed Fakhry, and in the late 1970s, an expedition of the Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale and the Dakhleh Oasis Project each began detailed studies in the oasis.^[1]

1. ^ ^{a b c d} "Dakhleh Oasis Project" (history), Monash University, 2005, webpage: UA.

FAKHRY, A. The Oases of Egypt, I : Siwa Oasis, Le Caire, Amer. Univ. in Cairo Press.

FAKHRY, A. The Oases of Egypt, II: Bahriyah and Farafra Oases, Le Caire, Univ. in Cairo Press, c2003.

GIDDY, L. Egyptian Oases: Bahariya, Dakhla, Farafra and Kharga during Pharaonic Times, Warminster, Aris & Philips, 1987.

JACKSON, R. At Empire’s Edge: Exploring Rome’s Egyptian Frontier, New Haven et Londres, Yale University Press, 2002.

THURSTON, H. Island of the Blessed : the Secrets of Egypt’s Everlasting Oasis, Toronto, Doubleday, 2003.

VIVIAN, C. The Western Desert of Egypt: an explorer’s handbook, AUC Press, le Caire, 2000.

WAGNER, G. Les oasis d’Égypte à l’époque grecque, romaine et byzantine, d’après les documents grecs, Le Caire, Recherches de papyrologie et d’épigraphie grecques, 1987.

• Dakhla in the Old Kingdom
• Photos of Dalkhla Oasis on GlobalAmity.net
• Dakhla villages

Coordinates: 25°31′N, 29°10′E