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European Atomic Energy Community
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The European Atomic Energy Community, or EURATOM, is an international organization composed of the members of the European Union. It was established on March 25, 1957, by a second treaty of Rome, signed the same day as the more famous Treaty of Rome which instituted the European Economic Community (EEC). The European Atomic Energy Community is a separate entity, but membership and organization is fully integrated with the European Union. The organisational structures of EURATOM and EEC (together with the now defunct European Coal and Steel Community -ECSC-), merged in 1967, by virtue of the Merger Treaty (signed in 1965).
The denomination "the Communities" (plural), as in the Commission of the European Communities and the Court of Justice of the European Communities are occasional reminders of the existence of two distinct institutions.
The purposes of Euratom were to create a specialist market for atomic energy and distribute it through the Community and to develop nuclear energy and sell surplus to non-Community States.
Some suggest that Euratom should disappear in a similar way to ECSC and merge the European Community and the European Atomic Energy Community in a new European Community and Treaties. In particular, that was proposed during the development of the Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe; however, it was decided to exclude Euratom from the legal personality of the new European Union, because of concerns that anti-nuclear sentiment in some member states would then be needlessly turned against the constitution.[citation needed]
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The five member Commission was lead by only three Presidents, all from France.
- Louis Armand (France) 1958-1959 - Armand Commission
- Étienne Hirsch (France) 1959-1962- Hirsch Commission
- Pierre Chatenet (France) 1962-1967- Chatenet Commission
- Institutions of the European Union
- History of the European Union
- EU Directorate General Joint Research Centre - often incorrectly referred to as Euratom due to it being its origin.
- European Energy Community
- Central Bureau for Nuclear Measurements (now Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements)
- SCK•CEN (Flanders, Belgium)
- Energy policy of the European Union
- DG Energy and Transport website on Nuclear Issues.
- Treaty establishing the European Atomic Energy Community (EURATOM)
- History of the Rome Treaties European NAvigator
- Europedia: Guide to European policies and legislation
Evolution of the Structures of European Union
| 1951/1952 | 1957/1958 | 1965/1967 | 1992/1993 | 1997/1999 | 2001/2003 | 2007/2009 ? |
| European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) | ||||||
| Euratom (European Atomic Energy Community) | ||||||
| European Economic Community (EEC) |
European Community (EC) | |||||
| ...European Communities: ECSC, EEC (EC, 1993), Euratom | Justice and Home Affairs (JHA) |
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| Police & Judicial Co-operation in Criminal matters (PJCC) |
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| Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) | ||||||
| E U R O P E A N U N I O N ( E U ) | ||||||
| Treaty of Paris | Treaty of Rome | Treaty of Brussels | Treaty of Maastricht | Treaty of Amsterdam | Treaty of Nice | Treaty of Lisbon |
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"THREE PILLARS" - ECs (ECSC, EEC/EC, Euratom), CFSP, PJCC |
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Categories: All articles with unsourced statements | Articles with unsourced statements since February 2007 | International nuclear energy organizations | International organizations of Europe | Energy policies and initiatives of the European Union | European Union and science and technology | Organizations established in 1957 | European Union stubs