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Francysk Skaryna
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Francišak Skaryna (IPA: [fran'tsɨsk ska'rɨna]; or Skoryna; the first name also spelled as Francis, Franciszak, Frantsiszak, Francisk, Frantzisk, Francysk; Belarusian: Франці́шак (Францыск) Скары́на) was a Belarusian famous for as the printer of the first book in an Eastern Slavic language. He was born in the historical Belarusian city of Polatsk. The exact dates of birth and death are unknown; the two most probable estimates are 1485 - 1540 and 1490 - 1551. Skaryna graduated from the arts faculty at University of Kraków in 1504 with a Bachelor of Arts. In 1512 he received doctorate in medicine at University of Padua in Italy.
He printed his first book entitled The Psalter, in the Old Belarusian language on August 6, 1517 in Prague; this work was followed by another twenty-three books. He continued his printing work in Vilnius. The culmination of his life's work was a printing of the Bible in Belarusian. During 1517 - 1519 he printed 23 books of the Bible.
It is difficult to determine precisely what language he used as there was no conventional Belarusian language as we know it today. Some researchers maintain that Skaryna's books were in Church Slavonic heavily saturated with Belarusian. But nevertheless there is no doubt that Skaryna laid the foundations of the Belarusian literary language.
After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Minsk the capital of Belarus had two roads named Skaryny Street and Skaryny Avenue. However, under the rule of Alexander Lukashenko, both of them were renamed.
Two awards presented by Belarus were named in honor of Skaryna: Medal of Francysk Skaryna and Order of Francysk Skaryna.
