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Khakassia
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Republic of Khakassia (English) Республика Хакасия (Russian) Хакасия Республиказы (Khakas) |
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|---|---|
 Location of the Republic of Khakassia in Russia |
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| Coat of Arms | Flag |
 Coat of arms of the Republic of Khakassia |
 Flag of the Republic of Khakassia |
| Anthem: — | |
| Capital | Abakan |
| Established | October 20, 1930 |
| Political status Federal district Economic region |
Republic Siberian East Siberian |
| Code | 19 |
| Area | |
| Area - Rank within Russia |
61,900 km² 46th |
| Population (as of the 2002 Census) | |
| Population - Rank within Russia - Density - Urban - Rural |
546,072 inhabitants 71st 8.8 inhab. / km² 70.8% 29.2% |
| Official languages | Russian, Khakass |
| Government | |
| Chairman of the Government | Alexey Lebed |
| Vice-Chairman of the Government | Leonid Chasovnikov |
| Legislative body | Supreme Council |
| Constitution | Constitution of the Republic of Khakassia |
| Official website | |
| http://www.rhlider.ru | |
Republic of Khakassia (Russian: Респу́блика Хака́сия; Khakass: Хакасия Республиказы) or Khakasiya (Хака́сия) is a federal subject of Russia (a republic) located in south central Siberia.
It has an area of 61,900 km² (ranked 47th). Abakan is the administrative centre of Khakassia, and with a population of around 160,000 making it the largest city.
Khakas is a Turkic language with co-official status in the republic.
Contents |
Khakassia is located in the Krasnoyarsk Time Zone (KRAT/KRAST). UTC offset is +0700 (KRAT)/+0800 (KRAST).
- Population: 538,200 (2006 est.)[citation needed]; 546,072 (2002 Census)
- Vital statistics (2005)
- Births: 6,198 (birth rate 11.5)
- Deaths: 9,411 (death rate 17.4)
- Ethnic groups
According to the 2002 Russian Census, ethnic Russians make up 80.3% of the republic's population, while ethnic Khakas are only 12.0%. Other groups include Ethnic Germans (1.7%), Ukrainians (1.5%), Tatars (4,001, or 0.7%), and a host of smaller groups, each accounting for less than 0.5% of the total population.
| census 1926 | census 1939 | census 1959 | census 1970 | census 1979 | census 1989 | census 2002 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Khakas | 44,219 (49.8%) | 45,799 (16.8%) | 48,512 (11.8%) | 54,750 (12.3%) | 57,281 (11.5%) | 62,859 (11.1%) | 65,421 (12.0%) |
| Russians | 41,390 (46.6%) | 205,254 (75.3%) | 314,455 (76.5%) | 349,362 (78.4%) | 395,953 (79.4%) | 450,430 (79.5%) | 438,395 (80.3%) |
| Germans | 46 (0.1%) | 333 (0.1%) | 10,512 (2.6%) | 10,547 (2.4%) | 11,130 (2.2%) | 11,250 (2.0%) | 9,161 (1.7%) |
| Ukrainians | 836 (0.9%) | 7,788 (2.9%) | 14,630 (3.6%) | 9,480 (2.1%) | 10,398 (2.1%) | 13,223 (2.3%) | 8,360 (1.5%) |
| Others | 2,381 (2.7%) | 13,556 (5.0%) | 22,938 (5.6%) | 21,685 (4.9%) | 23,622 (4.7%) | 29,099 (5.4%) | 24,735 (4.5%) |
From the 6th century Khakassia was the core of the old Kyrgyz state. In the thirteenth century, following defeat by the Mongols, the majority of the Kyrgyz people migrated southwest to their current homeland in Central Asia (Kyrgyzstan). Modern Khakassians regard themselves as the descendants of those Kyrgyz who remained in Siberia. Khakassia was incorporated into the Russian state in 1707. In 1727 this was confirmed in a treaty between Russia and China. Tsarist policy was to deport convicted criminals from European Russia to Siberia and prisons were quickly constructed in Khakassia (1707 and 1718). Many prisoners stayed in the area on their release. Many of the indigenous Khakassian people converted to the Russian Orthodox church and were gradually forced to abandon their nomadic way of life. By the time of the Russian Revolution Russians made up approximately half of the population. Under Soviet rule autonomy was granted on 10 October 1930. During the 1920's and 30's the Soviet authorities resettled an estimated quarter of a million Russians in the region. These were followed by 10,000 Volga Germans deported in World War II. By the time of the 1959 census ethnic Khakassians represented little more than one in ten of the population. Khakassia was given full autonomous republic status in 1991.
The main industries in the republic are coal mining, ore mining, and timber.
 Khakasiya view (photo 2000). |
 Eagle on megalith near village Kazanovka in Republic Khakasiya, Russian Federation (photo 2000). |
 Megalith near village Kazanovka in Republic Khakasiya, Russian Federation (photo 2000). |
 Megalith near village Safronov in Republic Khakasiya, Russian Federation (photo 2000). |
 Megalith near village Safronov in Republic Khakasiya, Russian Federation (photo 2000). |
 Rape valley in Republic Khakasiya, Russian Federation (photo 2000). |
 Sunset near town Askiz in Republic Khakasiya, Russian Federation (photo 2000). |
 Rape valley in Republic Khakasiya, Russian Federation (photo 2000). |
 Khakasiyan megalith (photo 2000). |
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| Federal subjects of Russia shown in italics | |||||
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| 1 Includes the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic. 2 Recognized only by Turkey; see Cyprus dispute. |
