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Soroca
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Soroca | |||
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| County | Soroca County | ||
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| Status | County capital | ||
| Mayor | Victor SAU, since 2007 | ||
| Population (2005) | ~28,407 | ||
| Location | |||
| Web site | [1] | ||
Soroca is a Moldovan city situated on the Dniester River about 160 km north of Chisinau. Population: 28,407 (2004); 42,700 (1991). It has a sizable Gypsy minority, earning it the monicker of the "world capital of Gypsies".[2]
The town had its origin in the medieval Genoese trade post of Olchionia, or Alchona. It is well known for its excellently preserved stronghold, established by the Moldavian Prince Stephen the Great (Ştefan cel Mare in Romanian) in 1499.
The wooden fort, defending a ford over the Dniester, was an important link in the chain of fortifications which comprised four forts on the Dniester (e.g., Akkerman and Khotin), two forts on the Danube, and three forts on the north border of medieval Moldavia. It was Petru Rareş who constructed the existing stone citadel with five bastions in 1543-46.
During the Great Turkish War, John Sobieski's forces successfully defended the fortress against the Ottomans. It was of vital military importance during the Pruth Campaign of Peter the Great in 1711. The stronghold was sacked by the Russians in the Russo-Turkish War (1735–1739).
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| Districts | Anenii Noi · Basarabeasca · Briceni · Cahul · Cantemir · Călăraşi · Căuşeni · Cimişlia · Criuleni · Donduşeni · Drochia · Dubăsari · Edineţ · Faleşti · Floreşti · Glodeni · Hînceşti · Ialoveni · Leova · Nisporeni · Ocniţa · Orhei · Rezina · Rîşcani · Sîngerei · Soroca · Străşeni · Şoldăneşti · Ştefan Vodă · Taraclia · Teleneşti · Ungheni |  |
| Municipalities | Chişinău · Bălţi · Tighina · Comrat1 · Tiraspol1 | |
| Autonomous regions | Găgăuzia · Transnistria2 | |
| 1 Comrat and Tiraspol have municipality status but are not among the first-level subdivisions of Moldova, being part of, respectively, Găgăuzia and Transnistria. 2 The political status of Transnistria is not settled. |
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