Token

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Token may refer to:

  • Token (railway signalling), a physical object given to a locomotive driver to authorize him to use a particular stretch of single railway track
  • Token coin, a piece of metal or other composition used as a substitute for currency; includes subway tokens
  • Tokenism, the inclusion of a single person (or very few people) of a group so an organization can publicly claim to be inclusive
  • Token character, a supporting character in a story who has no real relevance to the plot but is included to conform to expected standards, such as featuring ethnic minorities in a cast of a predominantly other ethnicity.
  • Knight's token, carried by a medieval knight
  • In philosophy, computational linguistics, and information retrieval, a token is an instance of a type; see Type-token distinction

There are two classes of meaning of 'token' in computing:

  • An object which represents the (often exclusive) right to perform some operation:
    • Token (Petri Net), an object used in Petri net theory
    • Session token, a unique identifier which is generated and sent from a server to a software client to identify an interaction session and which the client usually stores as an HTTP cookie
    • Security token (also known as a hardware token, authentication token or cryptographic token), a physical device that an authorized user of computer services is given to aid in authentication
    • Access token, a system object representing the subject of access control operations
    • Token ring, a local area network technology in which a virtual object known as a token is passed between devices on the network, authorizing them to communicate
    • Invitation tokens, sometimes called "codes", sometimes used as a method of curbing website registration for a number of purposes.
  • An atomic object in parsing:
    • Token (parser), usually a word or other atomic parse element
    • Tokenizing, the operation of splitting a string of characters into a set of tokens in lexical analysis

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